Monday, September 20, 2010

nga tohora

nga tohora

nga tohora

Ngā tohorā me ngā hekenga waka

Ngā tohorā kaitiaki

Kei roto i ngā kōrero tuku iho e kōrero ana mō ngā tohorā i ārahi mai i ngā waka i heke mai ki Aotearoa; ko Waitaha ka whai i tōna tuahine a Hāhuru, i aratakina mai ki Aotearoa i Hawaiki e te tohorā e Tūtarakauika. I tau mai rātou ki O-tara-muturangi, pātata ki Matatā.
Kei roto i te oriori mō Tūteremoana te kōrero mō tētahi waka i whai i tētahi kauika tohorā whai muri i te āwhā. E whakapono ana ko Tākitimu te waka e kōrerotia ana. Kei roto i te waiata ētahi o ngā ingoa o ērā tohorā. Nā te tohunga ō runga i a Tākitimu, nā Ruawharo te mauri o te pakake i whakatō ki Te Māhia.
He tohorā a Paniraira, te taniwha kaitiaki o te waka a Tainui. Nānā ngā ngaru i whakamoe i te hekenga mai o te waka. I te wā o te āwhā ka whakahau ngā tohunga o ngā waka i ngā taniwha o te moana hei ārai i te waka. He wā kua hūtia e te tohunga tētahi o ōna makawe hei tuku atu ki te tohorā, taniwha rānei, hei tohu ki tōna tiaki i te waka. Tērā pea i ahu mai tēnei tikanga i te kitenga atu o ngā tohorā me ngā aihe e taki tuku ana i te takoha o te rimurapa ki a rāua anō.

Te whakakau tohorā

Waihoki ki ngā kōrero mō Tutunui, kāore e ārikarika ngā kōrero a te Māori mō ngā tāngata eke tohorā. Nō te hanganga o te kiriata a te Kaieke Tohorā ka hora ngā kōrero nei ki te ao. I tauiratia te kiriata i tō Ngāti Porou kōrero mō Paikea. Ka whai te kōrero nei ki te kawenga atu o Paikea me ōna tuākana ki te hī. I te putanga atu ki te moana uriuri, ka taupokina te waka e Ruatapu nā tōna kaha harawene. Toremi katoa rātou. Ko Paikea te mōrehu i ora ai i ōna kauhau ki ngā ariki o te moana hei āwhina i a ia. Ko te whakautu ko te tohorā hei kawe i a ia ki uta, ā, ki Aotearoa nei. Arā anō tētahi kōrero nō Waikato e ōrite ana ki tēnei. Ko Waihuka i whakarerea e tōna tungāne kia toremi ki waho ki te moana.
Ko ētahi atu kaieke rongonui:
  • Ko te tipuna o Ngāti Awa ko Te Tahioterangi, nāna i whakakau i a Tūtarakauika mai i Whakaari ki te pūaha o te awa o Whakatāne.
  • Tūnui, te tohunga o Te Matau-a-Māui, nāna i eke tana tohorā mai i te pūaha o Keteketerau, ki Te Kauae-o-Māui (Cape Kidnappers).





nga tohora

Te Hopu Tohorā, i mua me i nāianei

I tīmata te iwi Māori me ngā iwi o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te hopu tohorā mā te tango kai, tango rawa mai i ngā tohorā i paea.
He iti te papānga o tēnei momo 'hopu tohorā', engari ka whakarerekētia i te taenga mai o ngā kaipuke i Uropa me Amerika i ngā tau tōmua mai i 1800 ki te whaiwhai i te tini tohorā i ngā wai o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. I aua tau anō hoki i whakatūria ngā tauranga hopu tohorā i uta i Aotearoa.
I te rautau rua tekau ka huri te hopu tohorā hei mahi ahumahi, hei mahi whakamate. Engari i ngā tau o 1970, ka huri ngā whakaaro i Aotearoa mō te hopu tohorā - mai i te tautoko whānui ki te āta tautohe. I nāianei ko te mātakitaki tohorā tētahi o ngā mahi tūruhi whai hua nui.

Kīia atu ki ō ākonga ko te wāhanga nei he kōrero mō te hopu tohorā - i ngā tangohanga a te Māori o mua ki ngā hopu tohorā arumoni o nāianei. Tirohia te wāhi tū tata, ka whakahui ai anō i ngā ākonga ki te matapaki i ēnei pātai me ēnei kaupapa:

Pātai mā rātaou e 5 ki te 10 tau te pakeke

  • He aha ngā kaiwhai tohorā i haere mai ai ki Aotearoa?
  • Ko tēhea te whakaahua pai ki a koe, he aha ai?
  • Tirohia ngā taputapu a ngā kaiwhai tohorā. Ko tēhea tō hiahia ki te whakamahi, he aha ai? I te tau 100 o mua whakamahia ai ngā tohorā i patua e ngā tāngata mō te aha?

Pātai mā rātou 10 tau me runga ake te pakeke

  • Ka rarua koe e ēhea whakaahua, he aha ai? He pai anō ki a koe ētahi o ngā whakaahua?
  • Pohewatia te noho i runga kaipuke whai tohorā. He aha ētahi o ngā uauatanga i pā mai ki ngā kaiwhaiwhai tohorā?
  • Matapakia te papānga atu o te patu tohorā ki runga i ngā tohorā i ngā tau rua rau kua taka ake nei.
  • Matapakia te papānga mai o te hopu tohorā taketake ki runga i ngā tini tohorā.
  • Matapakia ngā panoni o ngā waiaro tangata ki te hopu tohorā i ngā tau rua rau kua taha ake nei.
  • Matapakia ētahi o ngā hua i takea mai i ngā tohorā puta noa i ngā tau. He whakaaro anō āu mō ētahi hua hou, ētahi mahi hou rānei mō ngā tohorā i ēnei rā? Mehemea rā, he aha koa ēnei?

Hei āwhina i te kaiako:

He takoha nā Tangaroa (atua o te moana) te paenga tohorā ki te Māori, nō te mea i riro mai he kiko, he wheua, he rei. Puta noa i Aotearoa kua tipu ngā tikanga mō ngā wāhi i paea ai ngā tohorā.
I ngā tau tōmuri o 1700, i tae mai ngā kaiwhai tohorā i Uropa, me tō rātou papānga nunui ki ngā taupori tohorā. I patua ngā tohorā mō te kiko, te pāhau, te tūtae-tohoraha, te hinu, te rei me te kōiwi. Ko te parāoa me te tohorā ngā momo i tino hiahiatia.
I nāianei kua rerekē ngā waiaro i Aotearoa ki te hopu tohorā, kua huri kē ki te tiaki me te mahi tūruhi.

Whales lined up on the deck of a Japanese whaling ship, 21 December 2005. Photograph by Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert, reproduced courtesy of Greenpeace New Zealand.
ka aroha ki tenei o nga tohora  nui me te tohora iti
Charlie Heberley aiming a harpoon at a whale, Cook Strait, about 1944. Reproduced courtesy of Heather Heberley
Greenpeace members protesting against whaling, 1988. Photograph by The Auckland Star, reproduced courtesy of Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington (Dominion Post Collection, EP-Environment-Greenpeace-01)